Saturday, March 31, 2007

Casefile 7: Phosphorus only for plants?

"Drink milk, girl-girl! Get more calcium, or you'll break your bones!" (Credits to my mum)

Right, everyone knows that calcium is important for the development of strong bones. Hence children are haunted by their parents to drink milk every day. However, is calcium the only element needed by our bones?

PHOSPHORUS IS ESSENtIAl FOR STRONG BONES TOO.

No no no! Phosphorus is not just a fertiliser for plants! Phosphorus has more functions than any other mineral in your body!

1. Strong bones
Calcium phosphate helps to keep your bones and teeth strong. Hence without phosphorus, calcium is totally useless to your bones! Long live, phosphorus! :)

2. Formation of connectives
Phosphorus is essential in the production of collagen. Since your bones, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, skin, and eyes are made up mainly of collagen, your body is unable to produce any of the vital connective tissues or organs without phosphorus. Scary arh!

3. Survival of cells
Phosphorus combines with fatty acids to form phospholipids, which is soluble in water and fats. As water- and fat-soluble nutrients are needed by cells, cell membranes are made up of phospholipids to facilitate the entering and leaving of these nutrients. Without phospholipids, the cell will die. Imagine all your cells dying... *shivers*

4. NO heart diseases
Phospholipids keep blood fat small and thus prevents our arteries from clogging up (reminds me of Shi Jie. Hahaha.). In short, they keep blood smooth. OH.
Tidbit: Lecithin is a phospholipid used in chocolate to keep it smooth. CHOCOLATES!
Phosphorus has so many functions that it's impossible to list them all. They prevent the formation of gallstones (YUCK!), transport fatty acids in your body, maintain the correct pH in the body, help to store carbohydrates, catalyze reaction, to facilitate BRAIN ACTIVITY and to make your muscles move!

Phosphorus Deficiency
Hypophosphatemia (Too difficult? Say, Hypo-Phosphate-Mia! :D)

Hypophosphatemia is caused by:
1. Inadequate intake
This is very rare as many people usually take phosphorus in excess. However, hypophosphatemia might occur in a malnourished patient who is undergoing refeeding. This is because phosphorus is needed to store carbohydrates. Hence the sudden increase in carbohydrate level causes a drastic decrease in phosphorus, which very quickly becomes deplted in the body.

2. Alcohol abuse
Alcohol causes malabsorption and thus decreases the body's ability to absorb phosphorus. This can also lead to other diseases such as osteomalacia (inadequate Calcium and Vitamin D), liver failure, etc.
3. Hereditary (Arrr. So sad!)

Symptoms

Look at the weak thigh bones curving due to a lack of phosphorus, calcium and vitamin D!
Look at the thining bones. :(
Other symptoms of hypophosphatemia include cloudy and unclear urine and, also, irritation at the end of the penis. Hence it is not uncommon to mistake hypophosphatemia for a sexually transmitted disease. LOL.

Caution: Beware when you are consuming fresh foods as they might be covered with arsenic compounds of pesticides. As arsenic and phosphorus are very similar in their molecular structures, it is highly-possible that your body might mistake arsenic for phosphorus and thus include arsenic in its compounds. These compounds do not work. This is especially dangerous when you think about phosphorus's role in the blood and cell membranes.
Hey! This is fun!
Inspector Zhao, let's change jobs and become scientists or doctors!
Love,
Detective CxY

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